{"title":"Maps of the United States \u0026 Mexico","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"fairfax-thomas-sixth-lord-fairfax-of-cameron-1693-1781-three-original-manuscript-maps-that-shaped-the-nations-history-the-northern-neck-of-virginia-1736-1737-1737","title":"FAIRFAX DOCUMENTS, 3 Manuscript Maps delineating the Land of Lord Thomas sixth Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693-1781)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFAIRFAX DOCUMENTS, 3 Manuscript Maps delineating the Land of Lord Thomas sixth Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693-1781).\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1. WINSLOW, Benjamin.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA Plan of the Upper Part of Potomack River called Cohongorooto, survey'd in the Year 1736.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTitled and signed \"Benj. Winslow\" lower right-hand corner.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePen and ink and ink wash on paper.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e18 1\/2\" x 45\" sheet, 28\" x 55\" framed.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e2. BROOKE, Robert.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA Plan of Potomack River, from the Mouth of Sherrendo, down to Chapawamsick, surveyed in the year 1737.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTitled and signed \"Ro. Brooke\" lower right-hand corner.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePen and ink on paper.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e25 1\/2\" x 18\" sheet, 35\" x 27\" framed.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e3. THOMAS, James (1666-1742).\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA fine manuscript map of the Potomac River as it runs through Westmoreland County in Virginia. [1737].\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePen and ink and ink wash on paper.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e24 1\/4\" x 15 3\/4\" sheet, 33\" x 25\" framed.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTHE FIRST ACCURATE AND DETAILED SURVEY OF THE POTOMAC RIVER, which ILLUSTRATES FOR THE FIRST TIME THE ACCURATE POSITION OF THE HEAD-WATERS OF THE POTOMAC TO DETERMINE BOUNDS TO SIR THOMAS FAIRFAX'S CLAIM.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e_____________________________\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eJohn Rennie Short description: \"Colonial America and the early republic were constituted around property, territory, and land. The land of the indigenous people was bought, annexed or stolen and turned into property. Once land is commercialized and commodified it needs to be accurately measured. English surveying and mapmaking methods developed during the dissolution of the monasteries in the 1530 when large amounts of formerly Church land came onto the onto the private market were employed and refined in North America. Surveying was an important profession. George Washington first career was as a land surveyor. Thomas Jefferson's grandfather and father were both surveyors. The commodification of land required its accurate measurement and careful cartographic representation. Surveying and mapping were vital to making legal claims to land, settling land disputes and authorizing ownership.\"\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e_____________________________\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThree unique original manuscript maps, rich in detail and accuracy, are all that survives of the original surveyor's charts which became the source material for the larger manuscript maps composed by John Warner and William Mayo to establish the bounds of Sir Thomas Fairfax's claim to the Northern Neck area of the Potomac River in Virginia. These maps were subsequently published as the celebrated \"Fairfax\" map of Virginia: The Courses of the Rivers Rappahannock and Potowmack in Virginia, as surveyed according to order in the years 1736 \u0026amp; 1737 (London: ca 1737), and Map of the Northern Neck in Virginia by William Mayo (London 1745), which were the most accurate maps of Virginia until the publication of Fry and Jefferson's \"A Map of the inhabited part of Virginia containing the whole Province of Maryland with part of Pensilvania, New Jersey and North Carolina\" (1753).\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\"THE SURVEY MARKED AN EPOCH IN GEOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF AMERICA BY THE ENGLISH. NO EXPEDITION DOWN TO THIS TIME SEEMS TO HAVE ACCOMPLISHED AT ONCE SO EXACT AND SO EXTENDED AN EXAMINATION INTO THE INTERIOR\" (Foster).\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThomas Culpeper (1635 - 1689), colonial governor of Virginia and second Lord Culpeper was given a share in the proprietorship of the Northern Neck of Virginia, consisting of more than five million acres, under a patent issued in 1649 and reconfirmed in 1669. Through dereliction of his duties as Governor, King Charles II forced Culpeper to sell to the Crown all his proprietary rights in Virginia, except for the Northern Neck lands, in return for a lump sum payment of $700 and an annual pension of $600 for twenty-one years. However the patent for this remaining property was ambiguous: \"all that intire tract... bounded by and within the first Heads or Springs of the Rivers... Rappahannock, \u0026amp;... Potomack \u0026amp; by the Courses of the said Rivers from their said first Heads or Springs ... and the Bay of Chesapeyock...\". Unfortunately the uncertainty of the exact whereabouts of the first heads of each river, ultimately lead to a boundary dispute when at the insistence of Governor Alexander Spotswood of Virginia, settlement of the southern Piedmont began.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThomas Fairfax, sixth Lord Fairfax of Cameron (1693-1781) had inherited the Northern Neck estates from his mother Catherine Culpeper in 1719, but had never lived there. On several occasions, the Virginia Assembly questioned both the legality of the grant and the precise boundaries it encompassed. The primary issue was the actual location of the headwaters of the rivers.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThreatened with a further reduction in his land, Thomas Fairfax eventually arrived in Virginia in 1735, and immediately petitioned the King for a joint commission to survey and fix the boundaries of his enormous estate. The local Governor Sir William Gooch, appointed representatives for the Crown. As a result two surveys were instigated from different directions to the previously unknown source of the Potomac River. Both parties met at Fredericksburg on September 25 in 1736 and it was decided that the surveyors for the crown should be William Mayo and Robert Brooke, and for Fairfax Benjamin Winslow and John Savage.\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWhile the victory at the time was Fairfax's claims being given full recognition by the crown, the most important product of these efforts were the most important early maps of this area in American History. From these preliminary charts, pivotal maps such as A Map of Pensilvania, New-Jersey, New York, and the three Delaware Countries (1749) by Lewis Evans, Joshua Fry and Peter Jefferson's A Map of the inhabited part of Virginia.. (1751).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWINSLOW, Benjamin. A Plan of the Upper Part of Potomack River called Cohongorooto, survey'd in the Year 1736. Titled and signed \"Benj. Winslow\" lower right-hand corner. Two sheets joined (16 x 42 5\/8 inches to the neatline, 18 4\/8 x 45 4\/8 to sheet edge). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA fine manuscript map drawn in pen and ink with ink wash, featuring the course of the Potomack River from the \"Head Spring\" at the summit of the Alleghenies to its junction with the Shenandoah River in the Blue Mountains; showing its islands, tributaries, abutting plantations, former Shawnee settlements, \"colemines\", and the mountains of the Blue Ridge in beautiful detail (some oxidization, edges chipped and expertly renewed with minor loss to the neatline lower right). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBROOKE, Robert. A Plan of Potomack River, from the Mouth of Sherrendo, down to Chapawamsick, surveyed in the year 1737. Titled and signed \"Ro. Brooke\" lower right-hand corner. Two sheets joined (25 x 17 6\/8 inches to the neatline, 25 4\/8 x 18 inches to sheet edges).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003eA fine manuscript map drawn in pen and ink. Accurately showing the course of the river, complete with rapids and swamps, within the river boundary of Prince William County, recording 63 locations, tenants, creeks, and Piscattaway settlements. The legend along the lefthand side lists the names of settlers and sites including \"Cpt.n. WASHINGTON'S\" land, the future site of Mount Vernon, and home of George Washington from 1735-1739, and then from 1754; and the future sites of Georgetown and Alexandria, now the site of the Nation's Capital.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003eWASHINGTON D.C. (edges chipped and expertly renewed affecting areas of the neatline). \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003e[THOMAS, James, (1666- 1742)]. A fine manuscript map of the Potomac River as it runs through \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003eWestmoreland County in Virginia. [1737]. Two sheets joined (24 2\/8 x 15 6\/8 inches to the neatline). A fine manuscript map drawn in pen and ink and ink wash, decorated with a bar scale of miles surmounted by a representation of a pair of dividers in yellow and gray wash. Accurately showing the course of the river from the western boundary of Westmoreland at Cedar's Point, through the land owned by the Monroe, Mattox, Bridges, Pope, and the Washington families, and importantly GEORGE WASHINGTON'S BIRTHPLACE, to Yeocomoco River in the east which marks the boundary with Northumberland County (lower right-hand corner expertly renewed affecting the neatline). THE FIRST ACCURATE AND DETAILED SURVEY OF THE POTOMAC RIVER \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003eThree unique manuscript maps, and all that survives of the original surveyor's charts which became the source material for the celebrated \"Fairfax\" map of Virginia: \"THE COURSES OF THE RIVERS RAPPAHANNOCK AND POTOWMACK IN VIRGINIA, AS SURVEYED ACCORDING TO ORDER IN THE YEARS 1736 \u0026amp; 1737\" [London: 1747], the most accurate map of Virginia until the publication of Fry and Jefferson's \"A Map of the inhabited part of Virginia containing the whole Province of Maryland with part of Pensilvania, New Jersey and North Carolina\" (1753). \"THE SURVEY MARKED AN EPOCH IN GEOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF AMERICA BY THE ENGLISH. NO EXPEDITION DOWN TO THIS TIME SEEMS TO HAVE ACCOMPLISHED AT ONCE SO EXACT AND SO EXTENDED AN EXAMINATION INTO THE INTERIOR\" (Foster). Kate Hunter 2011. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"line-height: 1.4;\"\u003eBookseller Inventory # 72lib120\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader NYC","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31130293370924,"sku":"","price":1200000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/108_7.jpg?v=1710363166"},{"product_id":"c-j-sauthier-b-ratzer-a-map-of-the-province-of-new-york-london-1776","title":"C.J. Sauthier \u0026 B. Ratzer  A Map of the Province of New-York, . . .  London, 1776","description":"\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWilliam Faden (1749-1836), Claude Joseph Sauthier (1736 1802) \u0026amp; Bernard Ratzer (b. 1700).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA Map of the Province of New-York, Reduc'd from the large Drawing of that Province, Compiled from actual Surveys by Order of His Excellency William Tryon Esqr. Captain General \u0026amp; Governor of the Same, By Claude Joseph Sauthier; to which is added New-Jersey . . . 1776\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLondon: William Faden, 1776.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCopper plate engraving with original hand outline color.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e29 1\/4\" x 23 1\/ 2\" sheet, 41 ½\" x 35 1\/4\" framed.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant early Revolutionary War map, published by William Faden shortly after the signing on the Declaration of Independence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis remarkable map is a combination of two of the most important colonial surveys conducted on the eve of the Revolution, combining Claude Sauthier's manuscript map of New York with Berard Ratzer's important survey of New Jersey, which established the boundary between the two colonies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs noted by David Allen, the northern portion of Faden's map is \"a reduced-scale (ca. 1:1,050,000) edition of the manuscript version of [Sauthier's]\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eChorographical Map of the Province of New-York.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eThe extended title of the 1776 edition includes the statement that it is \"reduc'd from\" a large-scale map by Sauthier.\"\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAllen notes that Sauthier's map is principally a compilation of the cartographic work of his predecessors, Samuel Holland and John Montressor, and were \"built on the framework of earlier maps, and corrected or supplemented with new materials, including Sauthier's own surveys and other maps that came to his attention.\" However, Allen notes that Sauthier's maps differed from those of his predecessors, in that they were intended for Civilian, rather than Military use. As such, they focus more on land ownership and boundaries, rather than topography and roads.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs noted by Allen:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eColonial administrators needed to know who owned what in order to plan settlements and collect property taxes. Governors and other royal officials could profit handsomely from the sale and surveying of land. Property taxes known as \"quit rents\" could produce revenue for the crown, and potentially make colonial administrators financially independent of the annoying provincial Assembly.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSauthier's maps were also significantly more accurate than the maps of their predecessors, proving to be the finest and most accurate maps of New York prior to the close of the Revolution and the standard thereafter for some years to follow.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map provides fascinating and detailed look at the towns, villages, military posts and forts, manors, roads, churches, rivers and ferries in the region, at the beginning of the Revolutionary War. The map locates Dartmouth College and settlements along the Connecticut River and notes the disputed line of partition between New York and New Jersey and early county boundaries in New York.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike the Chorographical map, this map extends south to include New Jersey and the surveys of Bernard Ratzer's of 1769, which were undertaken to resolve the boundary dispute between New York and New Jersey. As such, this map pre-dates the publication by Faden of Ratzer's own map of New Jersey, first published in 1777 map. The boundary between New York and New Jersey is shown with the notation \"partition line ordered in 1769.\" The old boundary between East and West Jersey is also shown.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClaude Joseph Sauthier (1736-1802), a French trained surveyor, mapmaker and landscape architect, worked for William Tryon, the last royal Governor of New York under British Rule. From 1771 onward, Sauthier made many regional and local maps of the region, continuing into the early years of the American Revolution. Sauthier created two major maps of New York, his\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eChorographical Map of the Province of New-York\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(1779) and\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eA Map of the Province of New York,\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e(1776).\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31214241775660,"sku":null,"price":8500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Sauthier_New_York_Frame.jpg?v=1575911408"},{"product_id":"course-of-the-mississipi-from-the-balise-to-fort-chartres-taken-on-an-expedition-to-the-illinois-in-the-latter-end-of-the-year-1765-london-printed-for-robert-sayer-no-53-in-fleet-street-1-june-1773","title":"John Ross. Course of the River Mississippi. 1775.","description":"\u003cp itemprop=\"offers\" itemtype=\"http:\/\/schema.org\/Offer\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eROSS, Lieutenant John (1744-1809).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCourse of the River Mississippi, from the Balise to Fort Chartres; taken on an expedition to the Illinois.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEngraved map with original hand color in outline.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLondon: Robert Sayer, 1 June 1775.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e46\" x 21 1\/4\" sheet.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAn early map of the Mississippi River based on English sources, second issue with additions of Fort St. Leon and Fort St. Mary just south of New Orleans. Earlier English maps more generally focused on the Mississippi River valley rather than the river itself. Phillips Maps of America p. 439.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCondition: Top edge hinged to later paper panel with grommets, a few mild marginal stains.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Most Influential Map of the Mississippi River on the eve of the American Revolutionary War.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighly detailed map of the Mississippi River, from just north of the confluence of the Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico, published by Thomas Jefferys in London.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLieutenant Ross' large scale map of the Mississippi River is of the few large format maps of the Mississippi published during the 18th Century. Ross' map was the first official English survey of the Lower Mississippi, and one of the most historically significant American maps, delineating the British territorial gains following the French and Indian War and later establishing the future western boundary of the new United States. The map opened the area to settlement from the east and defined the western limits of the American colonies. It would also be an area of great intrigue in the years immediately following the publication of this map, as France and Spain both evaluated the prospects of extending and preserving their territorial claims in the region prior to the Louisiana Purchase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRoss's map provides a large-scale depiction of the river and its topographical features, such as islands in the river, navigational instructions, other rivers and connecting tributaries, boundaries, towns and settlements, forts, local history (including the spot where De Soto discovered the Mississippi in 1541), quarries and potential mining areas, productive land, cane fields, and mountains and other topographical details. A number of Indian Tribes are shown, including the Flathead, Chactaw, Chikasaw, Chackhuma, \"Akansas or the Handsome Men,\" Wyapes, Corrois, Yazous, Ofogoulas, Chepoussa, Caskaskias, Colapissas (later known as Huoma), and others. Frederick Webb Hodge (\u003cem\u003eHandbook of American Indians North of Mexico\u003c\/em\u003e) makes numerous citations to this map.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing the Treaty of Paris, a British expedition was sent to the Illinois territory to demand the surrender of Fort de Chartres, the last outpost under French control in the area. Lieutenant John Ross, surveyor of the 34th Regiment of the British Army, went with this expedition and surveyed the lower part of the River, below Fort Chartres, to the mouth of the Mississippi River. While Ross was able to provide a good account of the Eastern Bank of the River, he was not able to land on the west bank, which was then claimed by Spain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA nice example of this seminal collector's map of the Mississippi River.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31962497253420,"sku":null,"price":25000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/131.jpg?v=1710362286"},{"product_id":"charles-parsons-1821-1910-lyman-atwater-1835-1891-the-city-of-new-york","title":"Charles Parsons (1821-1910) \u0026 Lyman Atwater (1835-1891) , The City of New York. Published by Currier \u0026 Ives, 1876","description":"\u003cp\u003eCharles Parsons (1821-1910) \u0026amp; Lyman Atwater (1835-1891)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe City of New York.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublished by Currier \u0026amp; Ives, 1876\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e115 Nassau Street, 1876. Large folio lithograph (26 ¼ x 37 ¼ inches) with original hand color, incl. 75 landmarks keyed below the image (Gale #1220). CONDITION: Backed on board; toning in corners and along lower margin; some mat burn. Vividly colored bird s eye view of Manhattan, parts of Brooklyn and New Jersey (incl. Jersey City). It shows most of the island with the Brooklyn Bridge anachronistically finished and in use, and much traffic on the Hudson and East Rivers (GALE), incl. the steamers 'Massachusetts , Providence , and City of New York in the left foreground. At the time of publication, the SS Providence had officially retired and was used only sporadically. Visible landmarks include the Emigrant Landing Depot (present-day Castle Clinton National Monument) in the Battery, Trinity Church, the New Merchants Exchange, City Hall, and Central Park. REPS on the partnership of Parsons and Atwater: Their prints reveal the appearance of most of the nation s largest urban centers and their surrounding suburbs from points high in the air. They thus capture the images of entire metropolitan regions at a time of vigorous and rapid expansion. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39255814144044,"sku":"","price":24000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/Picture2.png?v=1698178993"},{"product_id":"anonymous-spanish-plano-de-una-parte-de-la-prov-a-de-la-luisiana-1803","title":"ANONYMOUS [Nicolas de Finiels?] Plano de una parte de la Prov.a de la Luisiana; ... 1803","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eAnonymous [Nicolas de Finiels?]\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003ePlano de Una Parte de la Provincia de la Luisiana y de Otra de la Florida Occidental y de la Provincia de Texas [Map of a part of the Province of Louisiana and the other of West Florida and the Province of Texas]\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eInk and watercolor wash on paper. Two sheets joined, float mounted and framed\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003ewatermarked \"Whatman 1794\" and with their fleur-de-lis\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eC. 1803-1806\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eSheet size: 214\/8 x 412\/8 inches; Frame size: 32 3\/4 x 51 3\/4 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe Louisiana Purchase left confusion on many borders, including those of Texas, Louisiana, West Florida and the Mississippi Territory as displayed in this unique manuscript map.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe Treaty of Paris of 1783 gave the new United States tall of Britain’s territory below Canada west of the Allegheny Mountains and east of the Mississippi, other than West Florida and East Florida.  It was apparent to the new nation’s leaders that free transit of the Mississippi River through New Orleans to the Gulf of Mexico was of critical importance for the future of its western lands.   In 1795 the Treaty of San Lorenzo (or Pinckney’s Treaty) with Spain gave Americans the right to deposit goods duty free in New Orleans for transit up and down the river, renewable every three years. The treaty also fixed the southern boundary between the United States and West Florida at the 31\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003est\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e Parallel.  This finally resolved Spanish claims that extended as far north as Natchez. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eIn 1800 Napoleon persuaded Spain to the retrocession of Louisiana to France under the treaty of 1762.  The parties kept the transfer secret, and Spain continued to administer the territory. When President Thomas Jefferson learned of the transfer, he feared that France would not honor the right of deposit for American goods.  He instructed his envoy in Paris to negotiate the purchase of New Orleans from France, or in the alternative to obtain a permanent right of deposit there.  No such deal was reached.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eIn 1802 the Spanish themselves rescinded the right of deposit, blaming the closure on behavior by the “Kaintucks.” This caused a political crisis in the United States as goods from the western territories could not be shipped through the city.  Jefferson sent James Monroe to Paris to renew his offer to buy New Orleans.  Short of funds to pursue his pacification of Dominica, Napoleon offered to sell all of Louisiana to the United States.  Jefferson agreed, and the purchase was consummated in two stages in 1803 and 1804.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe Louisiana Purchase was the largest single land acquisition in the nation’s history, but the actual territory being conveyed was not clearly described in any agreement or treaty.Thepurchase treaty itself conveyed Louisiana to the United States “with the same extent that it now has in the hands of Spain, and that it had when France possessed it, and as it should be after the treaties subsequently entered into between Spain and other states.”  Since the treaty that transferred it from France to Spain did not define the boundaries of Louisiana, this left the matter ambiguous.  The reference to subsequent treaties by Spain added a further ambiguity.  Napoleon has been famously quoted as saying had the matter not been ambiguous, he would have made it so, in order to avoid a conflict with Spain.  In any event, the ambiguity had repercussions, both immediately and in the decades to follow. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eOne immediate point of conflict was at the intersection of Louisiana with West Florida, Texas and the United States’ Mississippi Territory. The United States argued that West Florida had originally been part of French Louisiana, and therefore it was conveyed to France and then to the United States as part of the purchase.  A similar claim was made as to Texas, based on the historical disagreement between Spain and France as to the western boundary of Louisiana that was reflected in La Harpe’s earlier correspondence.  Spanish, French and American interests were all in play, as reflected by the beautiful and somewhat mysterious manuscript map of “Part of the Province of Louisiana, and part of West Florida and the Province of Texas” that is included in this exhibition.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe mapmaker, date and purpose of this map are speculative, but its title and content offer some clues. The map was clearly drawn as Spain grappled with the consequences of what it viewed as Napoleon’s illegal conveyance to the United States. It argues in graphic form for the identification of two important borders: that between Spanish West Florida and the United States, and that between Spanish Texas and the newly American Louisiana Territory. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe eastern portion of the map is quite detailed.  The 31\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003est\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e parallel is acknowledged as the border between West Florida and the United States, as agreed in Pinckney’s Treaty. West Florida is prominently identified as “Territorio del Dominio de S. M. pertenece a la Florida” or Territory of the Dominion of His Majesty belonging to Florida, and the boundary corresponds to what the Spanish administered as a district of Baton Rouge within their Province of West Florida. The region to the north and east of the Mississippi is simply labeled “Territorio Americano” or American Territory. Notably, no Spanish or Native American settlements are identified in the American lands. A fort (“Fuerte Americano”) appears just within the territory east of the river.  Construction of what came to be named Fort Adams commenced in 1798, as the formal survey of the 31st parallel was being made. It played an important role in 1802 as the site of a conference between Americans and the Choctaw tribe for the construction of what became the Natchez Trace.  All of these elements in the map appear to be intended to argue that American claims were limited to above the 31\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003est\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e parallel.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eTo the west the map's subject turns to the border between Texas and Louisiana. The border line on the mapfollows the Sabine River north and then displays a prominent triangular diversion to the east of the river, with the settlement of Adais (Los Adaes) at the point.  Los Adaes was settled in 1716 to offset French settlement in Natchitoches.  Its first appearance on a map was in De L’Isle’s 1718 map of the course of the Mississippi.  It was the colonial capital of Spanish Texas until 1770, when the capital was moved to San Antonio.  A mix of Spaniards, French and Native Americans continued to live there as this map was drawn.  Significantly, the only road marked on the map is the one from Los Adaes to San Antonio, reinforcing Spain’s claim to the settlement. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eWhile the United States continued to assert that Louisiana extended all the way to the Rio Grande River, negotiations focused on the Sabine, which would place Texas within Spanish Mexico.  Spain argued that the border was father east yet – following a small stream or Arroyo Hondo in modern day Louisiana.  Under that interpretation, Los Adaes would be in Texas, even though it was on the east side of the Sabine. Both the United States and Spain sent troops to the area, but in 1806 the two commanders agreed that the property between the two lines would remain “neutral ground” until a diplomatic solution could be found. The Arroyo Hondo does not appear on this map, but the triangular area with Los Adeas at its point is squarely within the Neutral Ground.   The deviation of the border east of the Sabine on this map might reflect a proposal to resolve the issue.  If so, it was not successful.  Spain and the United States broke off diplomatic relations in from October 1805 to October 1806, and it took until the Adams Onis Treaty in 1819 before the issue was finally resolved. In that treaty the border did not deviate east of the Sabine River. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eFrom the Sabine border the map extends west as far as San Antonio.  Most of the  principal rivers in Texas, from the Sabine to the San Marcos, appear on the map, linked by the road.  Other than the mouth of the Mississippi, however, the map does not show the connection of any of those rivers to the Gulf of Mexico.  The description of Texas, with its emphasis on its rivers, may have been to highlight the value of the region for Spanish settlement, and as a buffer between the United States and the riches of Mexico. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe quality of the map’s execution, the expensive English paper on which it was drawn, and the large scale all suggest the map was made for a person of importance or influence.  It may have been prepared for the Marques de Casa Calvo, a former Spanish military governor of Louisiana who was appointed a commissioner to assist in the retrocession to France.  Between 1804 and 1806, even after the establishment of the American regime in Louisiana, he led a major expedition to explore, research and ultimately define a western border of Louisiana and the eastern border of Texas.  Casa Calvo’s principal deputy described a sketch based on a Spanish chart that included boundary lines exactly as depicted here.  Among Casa Calvo’s experts was the French engineer Nicolas de Finiels.  Finiels delivered a detailed report to Luis de Onis, who subsequently negotiated the Adams Onis treaty.  That report included discussions of both of the highlighted border areas drawn on this map.  Indeed, this map may have been made by Finiels as an aid to discussing the issues with his superiors, including Casa Calvo or even Onis. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eMore scholarship may finally ascertain the author and precise date of this map.  In the meantime, it stands as a unique artifact of a time of dramatic and historic change. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490546335788,"sku":"","price":185000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Webcapture_8-9-2022_133119.jpg?v=1662674802"},{"product_id":"lafon-barthelemy-1769-1820-carte-generale-du-territoire-dorleans-1806","title":"LAFON, Barthelemy (1769-1820)  Carte Generale du Territoire D'Orléans ... 1806","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBarthelemy LAFON (1769-1820)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eCarte Generale du Territoire D'Orléans Comprenant auffi la Floride Occidentale et une Portion du Territoire du Mississippi...\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eCopper plate engraved map in four sections\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eParis: Charles Piquet, 1806; William Harrison, engraver\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eWatermark of Thomas Amies, Mill Creek Lower Marion, PA\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eSheet size: 33 3\/4 x 49 inches; Frame size: 40 3\/8 1\/2 x 56 5\/8 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eLa Fon's magnificent survey map was the first to accurately depict the Orleans Territory following the Louisiana Purchase. \u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eLouisiana was divided into two parts once it was formally acquired by the United States.  The District of Louisiana consisted of the lands acquired from France in the Lousiana Purchase that lay above the 33rd parallel. Its eastern border was the Mississippi River, but its northern and western boundaries remained undetermined.  Its first governor, Merriwether Lewis, served in St. Louis. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e The southern portion of the purchase was denominated the Orleans Territory.  It was to be governed from new Orleans.  At Thomas Jefferson’s request, his friend and former governor of the Mississippi Territory William Charles Cole Claiborne agreed to serve as its first governor.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eAmong Claiborne’s first acts was to respond to a request from the president for the best map available of the new territory.  His inquiries in New Orleans caused him to respond with regret that “there are I believe (no maps of Louisiana) extant that can be depended upon …”.  His search for a solution led him to one of the most interesting characters in a city known for remarkable men: the French born engineer and surveyor Barthelemy Lafon.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eLafon’s early life is unknown.  He was born in France and arrived in New Orleans in about 1789.  His intelligence and ambition were a perfect fit for the challenges of working in New Orleans.  The city was growing at a tremendous rate,  but fires, floods, substandard construction, high material costs, the native heat and humidity, rampant disease and confusing or unenforced codes added an element of chaos to that growth.  Crime, organized violence by filibusters and ordinary criminals, and lax law enforcement were also constraints on regular development.  And finally, political uncertainty played a role.  Despite these obstacles, Lafon became one of the most successful architects and city planners in Louisiana.  He is credited for numerous houses in New Orleans, as well as public works projects throughout the Parish. He served as the Deputy Surveyor for Orleans Paris from 1805 to 1809, a position that had significant power over development.  \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eIn need of a map, Governor Clairbourne enlisted Lafon to survey as much of the Orleans Territory as was feasible.  The result was a detailed map covering \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003esouth from Lake Bistineau and the Red River in the North to Western Florida and Bon Secour Bay in the Southeast.  Lafon's map ranks as the first comprehensive survey of Louisiana and its adjacent regions. Lafon based his large-scale map on surveys conducted between 1797 and 1805, many of which had been made to plot the location of the 31\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003est\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e parallel. A legend summarizes the observations of astronomers Jose Joaquin de Ferrer, William Dunbar, and George Hunter who list the coordinates for 21 towns, forts, and topographical reference points. As pointed out by Ehrenberg (2003) the forested regions north of the Red River allude to their Spanish and Indian heritage.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eLafon avoided the political ramifications of mapping the western border, placing the title cartouche over the “Neutral Ground” west of the Mississippi claimed by both the United States and Spain.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eNo lesser authority than Alexander von Humboldt praised Lafon’s map, writing in his 'Essai Politique Sur le Royaume de la Nouvelle-Espagne' that Lafon was a cartographer whose work sheds new light on these (unknown) regions. The map gained wide notice, as indicated by the 1805 issue of the National Intelligencer and 'Washington Advertiser': The author (Lafon) has described the counties of the territory according to the new plan of division, which he has executed himself, by order of the legislature, he lays down the latitude and longitude of the principal points. And to render it useful to mariners, he has laid down the soundings along the coast to the Gulph (sic) of Mexico.”\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e.. The map proved so important that a copy was sent to the postmaster general, illustrating a proposed mail route from Fort Stoddart to New Orleans. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eAn earlier map of Louisiana by Barthélémy Lafon appears to be lost. His Carte Générale, however, remains a foundational document in the history of the development of national cartography and three copies are preserved at the Library of Congress. REFERENCES: Barker: Old Mills of Mill Creek, Lower Merion; Ehrenberg, in Lemmon\/Magill\/Wiese: Chartering Louisiana; Gravell\/Miller: A Catalogue of American Watermarks; Ristow: American Maps and Mapmakers.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490546401324,"sku":"","price":185000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Webcapture_8-9-2022_133258.jpg?v=1662673647"},{"product_id":"robinson-john-hamilton-1782-1819-a-map-of-mexico-louisiana-and-the-missouri-territory-1819","title":"ROBINSON, John Hamilton (1782-1819)  A Map of Mexico, Louisiana and the Missouri Territory...1819","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eROBINSON, John Hamilton (1782-1819)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA Map of Mexico, Louisiana and the Missouri Territory, also including the State of Mississippi, Alabama Territory, East and West Florida, Georgia, South Carolina and part of the Island of Cuba.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eEngraved map with original hand outline color on twelve sheets joined as six and backed on linen\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePhiladelphia: Printed by John L. Narstin, 1819\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eOverall 70 x 67 1\/2 inch sheet\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSoldier, doctor, explorer, diplomat, spy, revolutionary and mapmaker: John Hamilton Robinson epitomized the adventurers of his age.  One of only 7 known examples known, this map came from the collections of the Library of Congress, sold by them to Thomas Winthrop Streeter as a duplicate.  Three were deposited with the Library to establish Robinson’s copyright\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490546925612,"sku":"","price":850000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Picture9_ccece7b8-a8d0-4f93-aae5-888ca68fdc71.jpg?v=1627082885"},{"product_id":"melish-john-1771-1822-map-of-the-united-states-with-the-contiguous-british-and-spanish-possessions-1820","title":"MELISH, John (1771-1822) Map of the United States with the contiguous British and Spanish Possessions...1823","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMELISH, John (1771-1822)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMap of the United States with the contiguous British and Spanish Possessions Complied from the latest \u0026amp; best Authorities\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eCopper plate engraving with original hand color\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003ePhiladelphia: James Finlayson, June 16\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eth\u003c\/sup\u003e, 1823\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e43 ¼ x 56 ¾ inch sheet\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe second most important map in American history, juxtaposing for the first time the discoveries of Lewis and Clark, Zebulon Pike, Thomas Long, Thomas Nuttal and Andrew Ellicott.  The first and most famous cartographic expression of “manifest destiny,” the map was a tempting invitation to Texas and a threat to Mexico.  One of the most studied maps in America; research is available on request.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490546991148,"sku":"","price":120000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/MELISH_MapoftheUnitedStates_1820_1.jpg?v=1680557301"},{"product_id":"white-gallaher-white-mapa-de-los-estados-unidos-de-mejico-1828","title":"WHITE, GALLAHER \u0026 WHITE  Mapa de los Estados Unidos de Méjico. 1828","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWHITE, GALLAHER \u0026amp; WHITE \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMapa de los Estados Unidos de Méjico.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eEngraving with original hand color, on original rollers\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNew York: Gallaher \u0026amp; White, 1828\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e29” x 41” sheet, 40” x 55 ½” framed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWhite, Gallagher and White’s unauthorized rendering of Henry Tanner’s 1828 popular but inaccurate map of Mexico. White, Gallagher and White’s plates were acquired and used by Disturnell for his “Treaty Map”,  thereby making Tanner’s errors part of International Law. A rare completely unrestored example on rollers with magnificent color.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eNice unfolded example of White, Gallaher \u0026amp; White's rare edition of the Disturnell Treaty Map.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBoth Tanner's English language map of Mexico (published in 1826), on which this version is based, and the present map served as precursors for Disturnell's Treaty Map. These three maps are exceptionally significant due to their historical context and function with regard to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis map, along with the 1826 Tanner Map of Mexico and John Disturnell's Mapa de los Estados Unidos de Méjico . . . provide the historical lineage which resulted in the boundary dispute following the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. Following publication of the White Gallaher \u0026amp; White map, the plates apparently languished in New York until the beginning of the War with Mexico, when they were apparently purchased by Disturnell and used for printing the Disturnell Map of Mexico, which was issued from 1846 until the early 1860s (in 2010, we handled the purchase and sale of an edition dated 1862, the latest example we have encountered)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490547253292,"sku":"","price":65000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/WHITE_MapadelosEstadosUnidosdeMejico_1828_1.jpg?v=1680556193"},{"product_id":"tanner-henry-s-1786-1858-a-map-of-the-united-states-of-mexico-1846","title":"TANNER, Henry S. (1786-1858) A Map of the United States of Mexico...1846","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTANNER, Henry S. (1786-1858)\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA Map of the United States of Mexico, as Organized and defined by the several ats of Congress of the Republic\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/em\u003eEngraved map with original hand color\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e Ristow’s 7\u003csup data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eth\u003c\/sup\u003e Variant\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e New York: H.S. Tanner, 1846\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e 23 ½ x 29 ¾ inch sheet\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eTanner’s 1828 map was the foundation of the “Treaty Series.”  His 1846 update still didn’t correctly locate the Rio Grande or El Paso, but he did give Texas every bit of land claimed by the Republic, including Santa Fe. A key map of the American southwest by one of the two leading mapmakers in the nation, and a very fine example.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-geopolitics-and-the-roots-of-texas\" class=\"btn btn--add-to-cart btn--secondary-accent\"\u003eView the roots of texas collection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTanner’s map of Mexico, based on the works of Humboldt, Pike, Darby, and others, were primary sources for cartographic intelligence on Mexico and the emerging western territories of the United States. The first Tanner map to contain the Fremont information. Issued in 10 variants of one or another of five states of the map up to 1847. The present map is officially termed the \"1846, second edition,\" although it is actually the seventh variant of the map to be issued, according to Ristow's classification. It closely follows the \"1832, second edition,\" even including the \"April 2nd, 1832\" copyright imprint in the lower right corner. At this time, interest in all matters relating to Mexico and Texas amongst the American public was at an all- time high, and it is thought that Tanner hastily prepared this edition in order to capitalize on the commercial opportunities. Tanner did not take the time to avail himself of the most recent geographical advances, and consequently this map is a fascinating cartographic hold-out during a time of unprecedented change. Texas is portrayed as an enormous Mexican state, although it had since 1832 seceded, and later joined the Union as an American state. Its massive territory extends far to the north and west of its modern limits, following the eastern band of the Rio Grande up to its headwaters, up into the \"stovepipe\" to a point touching the 42nd parallel. The geographical detailing of most of Texas is quite accurate, as Tanner was well apprised of Stephen F. Austin's surveys, a point underscored by his inclusion of \"Austin's Colony\" in east-central Texas. In an improvement to its antecedent, the western portion of the state owes its form to William Emory's map of 1844.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490547744812,"sku":"","price":35000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/TANNER_MapoftheUnitedStatesofMexico_1846_1.jpg?v=1680557211"},{"product_id":"wyld-james-sr-1790-1836-mexico-the-british-possessions-in-north-america-and-the-united-states-1846","title":"WYLD, James Sr. (1790-1836).  Mexico the British Possessions in North America and the United States … 1846.","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWYLD, James Sr. (1790-1836).\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMexico the British Possessions in North America and the United States … 1846.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eEngraved case map; printed on two sheets, dissected into 36 sections and mounted on linen, edged in green silk, contemporary outline hand coloring.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eLondon: 1846.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e56 ⅞” x 53” sheet, 60” x 64” framed.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA superbly detailed large scale English map of North America at the onset of the Mexican American war.  England’s position favored Mexico, in part because it was an ally but mostly because English mills needed Texan cotton to compete with American supplies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-geopolitics-and-the-roots-of-texas\" class=\"btn btn--add-to-cart btn--secondary-accent\"\u003eView the roots of texas collection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWyld's 1846 Map of the Mexico and the United States is one of the rarest and most fascinating maps of the region from the period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWyld's map of Mexico and the United States was specifically prepared for the London market at the outset of the Mexican-American War, capitalizing on British interests in the region, including Britain's own aspirations for possession of Texas and part of the disputed regions in Oregon Territory, which were resolved in this time period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map is a fascinating amalgam of information dating from Lewis \u0026amp; Clark to the early 1840s. The detail of the map is truly extraordinary, both in terms of content and as a snapshot of American history. The earliest information provided by the map includes a number of boundary lines and other details set in the years prior to Lewis \u0026amp; Clark. Lewis \u0026amp; Clarks' route to the Pacific and back is tracked, and the map includes several notes on the observations of the exploring party. An offshoot route from main route shows Colter's route in 1807. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJohn Wyld was one of the most prolific publishers of separately issued maps during the 19th Century. His 6 (and later 7) sheet map of North America is a testament to Wyld's publishing accumen. First published in 1823, the map was periodically updated to incorporate new discoveries. However, Wyld had the curious habit of frequently leaving older information on the map, making for a very curious mix of geographical details.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490548269100,"sku":"","price":48000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/WYLD_MexicotheBritishPossessionsinNorthAmericaandtheUnitedStates_1.jpg?v=1680556125"},{"product_id":"roessler-anton-1826-1893-the-latest-map-of-the-state-of-texas-1874","title":"Anton ROESSLER. The Latest Map of the State of Texas...1874","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eROESSLER, Anton (1826-1893)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe Latest Map of the State of Texas\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eLithograph\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e1874\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e40” x 45 ¼” sheet, 51 ½” x 57” framed.\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eIn 1874 Roessler wrote: \"Texas is, or will be, the wealthiest state in the Union, possessing as she does great agricultural capabilities, all the varieties of soils, minerals and useful rocks known to exist in the world.\" His extraordinarily detailed large scale map was designed to demonstrate the truth of his declaration.  After De Cordova’s map, perhaps the most attractive map of the State of Texas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca class=\"btn btn--add-to-cart btn--secondary-accent\" href=\"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-geopolitics-and-the-roots-of-texas\"\u003eView the roots of texas collection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eTHE SCARCE FIRST ISSUE OF ROESSLER'S LARGE-FORMAT MAP OF TEXAS.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAnton R. Roessler (1826-1893), cartographer and geologist, served in these roles for the Shumard Survey, the first thorough geological and agricultural survey of Texas. His maps are the only printed maps preserving the results of that survey which was scrapped during the Civil War. Indeed Roessler was accused of stealing the Shumard survey data for private use in his own real estate and mining ventures, and their use in his maps make them the most reliable contemporary record of agricultural and mineral wealth in the state.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the decades after the civil war, Texas enjoyed spectacular growth as settlers from back east poured in and the railroads opened many areas for more activity. Anton Roessler, a Hungarian born Texan and secretary of the Texas Land \u0026amp; Immigration Company was one of the best cartographers in Texas in the 1860’s and 1870’s. His maps were considered the best then, and are prized today, for their wealth of information on geology, soil conditions and agricultural prospects. This map includes details on deposits of over a score of minerals – even broken down county by county. For the benefit of settlers, the types of soils to be found such as “loam unequaled for its excellent pasturage” and “prairie soil especially adapted for the raising of cereals” are marked as are the varieties and locations of various trees, from swamps to Post Oaks and Mesquite.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll of this is overlaid on a detailed map reflecting the political and commercial situation of the day – completed and projected rail lines are recorded, as are the wagon roads offering mail service, even broken down by whether the frequency was once, twice or three times a week. The Texas \u0026amp; Pacific Rail Road Reservation spreads across west Texas in anticipation of the completion of the transcontinental railroad. The Panhandle includes the Hunting Range of the Comanches and Wegefarth and Greer counties, the former disbanded and the latter given to Oklahoma after a federal dispute over the true boundary of Texas. Vignettes of the General Land Office at Austin and original State Capitol building, destroyed by fire in 1881, are included. Texas is shown as having 268,684 square miles, of which only 196,299 had been organized.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490549350444,"sku":"","price":65000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/ROESSLER_StateofTexas_1874_1.jpg?v=1680557100"},{"product_id":"g-w-c-b-colton-and-co-new-map-of-the-state-of-texas-as-it-is-in-1875","title":"G.W. \u0026 C.B. COLTON AND CO.  New Map of the State of Texas as it is in 1875.","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eG.W. \u0026amp; C.B. COLTON AND CO.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNew Map of the State of Texas as it is in 1875.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eEngraved map\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eMorphis’ History of Texas\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNew York: U.S. Publishing Co., 1875\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e19 ½” x 26 ½” sheet\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e34” x 38 ¼” framed\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eColton’s map for a history textbook compared Tejas under Mexican rule in 1835 with a rapidly expanding state.  The counties are shown as they existed about 1869.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca class=\"btn btn--add-to-cart btn--secondary-accent\" href=\"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-geopolitics-and-the-roots-of-texas\"\u003eView the roots of texas collection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"docs-chrome\" role=\"banner\" aria-label=\"Menu bar\" class=\"docs-material companion-enabled\" tabindex=\"0\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"docs-additional-bars\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"formula-bar-name-box-wrapper\" class=\"name-box-enabled formula-bar-with-name-box-wrapper\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"formula-bar\" class=\"formula-bar formulabar-disabled\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"t-formula-bar-input-container\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv spellcheck=\"false\" id=\"t-formula-bar-input\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"cell-input disabled-input\" role=\"combobox\" dir=\"ltr\" aria-autocomplete=\"list\" tabindex=\"0\" contenteditable=\"false\" docs-unhandledkeys=\"\"\u003e\n\u003cbr\u003eA Magnificent Map of Texas from the \"History of Texas\" by J.M. Morrphis.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis folding map was expressly prepared for the text accompanying this map, written by J.M. Morphis by the Colton Family. The Coltons, whose enterprise was based in New York, were prolific producers of maps and atlases during the 19th century. Colton's maps are characterized by elaborate borders embellished with interweaving vines.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis map contains insets of \"Texas as it was in 1835 under Mexican rule\", Galveston Bay, Matagorda Bay, Sabine Lake, and \"Plan of the Northern Par tor Panhandle of Texas\" Morphis, originally from North Carolina\" settled in Clarksville, Texas in 1846, opening a law practice in Paris, TX; he subsequently ran for the U.S. Senate, and contributed articles on this history of Texas to local newspapers.\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"docs-editor-container\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"docs-editor\" class=\"companion-enabled\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"waffle-revisions-container\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"waffle-grid-container\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-grid-container\" class=\"grid-container\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-row-headers-background\" class=\"row-headers-background\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-column-headers-background\" class=\"column-headers-background\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-selected-row-headers-background\" class=\"selected-row-headers-background\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-selected-column-headers-background\" class=\"selected-column-headers-background\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"0-grid-table-container\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-table-container fixed-table-container\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"grid-fixed-wrapper\" id=\"0-fixed\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"goog-inline-block fixed4-inner-container\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"goog-inline-block fixed4-inner-container\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490549547052,"sku":"","price":12000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Picture31.jpg?v=1627083582"},{"product_id":"colton-roessler-pressler-coltons-new-map-of-the-state-of-texas-the-indian-territory-1882","title":"COLTON, ROESSLER \u0026 PRESSLER. Colton's New Map of the State of Texas The Indian Territory... 1882","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCOLTON, George Woolworth \u0026amp; Charles B. (publisher) \u0026amp; ROESSLER, Anton R. and PRESSLER, Charles W. et. al. (cartographers)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003cem data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eColton's New Map of the State of Texas The Indian Territory and adjoining portions of New Mexico, Louisiana and Arkansas. Compiled from the official county maps of the General Land Office The Surveys of the Mexican Boundary Commission U.S. Engineers U. S. Coast Survey U.S. General Land Office, the various Rail Road Co's and other authentic materials by G Woolworth Colton\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/em\u003eLithograph map with original color\u003cbr data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e New York: 1882\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eThe last cartographic descendent of De Cordovo’s 1856 map, displaying in graphic form the state’s explosive growth in population, transportation, and political subdivisions in the ensuing 26 years.  Among the first truly “modern” maps of Texas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca class=\"btn btn--add-to-cart btn--secondary-accent\" href=\"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-geopolitics-and-the-roots-of-texas\"\u003eView the roots of texas collection\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":39490549776428,"sku":"","price":9000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/JEL00001.jpg?v=1656358652"},{"product_id":"claude-joseph-suathier-a-chorographical-map-of-the-province-of-new-york-1779","title":"Claude Joseph Suathier. A Chorographical Map of the Province of New-York...1779.","description":"\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClaude Joseph Sauthier (French, 1785-1851)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cem\u003eA Chorographical Map of the Province of New York in North America…\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLondon: William Faden, 1779.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eFine engraved map on six sheets joined\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe last and best large-scale map of an American colony. Drawn on a scale of five miles to the inch, it is the most detailed printed map of any extensive part of North America published during the Revolutionary period.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA MAGNIFICENT MAP OF NEW YORK, with original hand-colour in outline, the title and dedication lower left, key middle right. This map by Claude Joseph Sauthier is one of the most celebrated maps of New York of the entire colonial period. It shows all existing towns, counties, and major roads, and gives an excellent portrait of the extent of settlement (still largely confined to the Hudson Valley). Western New York is portrayed as a vast wilderness and is, thus, labeled simply as \"Country of the Six Nations, Indian Country.\" \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eC.J. Sauthier was born on November 10, 1736 in Strasbourg, (Alsace) France. He received training as a draftsman and illustrator, and early in life was greatly inspired by the master gardeners Dezallier d'Argenville and Alexandre Le Blond). In 1763 Sauthier wrote his first great work, \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA Treatis on Public Architecture and Garden Planning\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e. Sauthier arrived in North America in 1767, accompanying then British Royal Governor of North Carolina, William Tryon, around the Province. Between 1768 and 1771, Sauthier dedicated himself to mapping towns (and even one camp and battlefield) in North Carolina, all of which were deemed militarily important to the British government. (During his lifetime, Sauther also created superb maps of Bath, Beaufort, Brunswick, Cross Creek (now Fayatteville), Edenton, Halifax, Hillsborough, New Bern, Salisbury, Wilmington and the Camp and Battlefield of Alamance.) Today, these maps form part of King George III's esteemed Topographical Collection at the British Library, though some are also contained in the collections of the Public Record Office in London, the North Carolina Division of Archives and History in Raleigh, North Carolina, and the Clinton Collection at the William L. Clements Library of the University of Michigan. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDuring this time period, Sauthier also played a key role in the planning of the Tryon Palace gardens in New Bern. In 1771, Sauthier left North Carolina with Tryon. That year Tryon rose to the position of Governor of New York and Sauthier was appointed surveyor of the Province of New York by Tryon. Thus, Sauthier's efforts were crucial to the surveying of the boundary between New York and Quebec. Nevertheless, it was the American Revolution that most cemented Sauthier's status as a master surveyor and mapmaker. Indeed, the maps Sauthier produced during this period were of incalculable military importance to the British government. On July 12, 1776, British General William Howe arrived on Staten Island and asked Sauthier to survey and produce a map of the island. Soon after making this request, General Howe successfully captured the City of New York. In addition, after British General Hugh Percy (commander of the 5th Regiment of Foot) made his successful attack on Fort Washington (at the northern tip of Manhattan Island) in November 1776, he, like General Howe, requested that Sauthier survey and map the area. Moreover, General Percy grew to like Sauthier so much that he asked him to accompany his British forces up to Newport, Rhode Island. Sauthier also chose to join Percy at his ancestral home at Alnwick Castle in England following the country's defeat in the war. Sauthier worked as Percy's private secretary.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":40327005143084,"sku":"","price":28000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/JEL00005.jpg?v=1653073227"},{"product_id":"abraham-ortelius-the-gulf-of-mexico-from-florida-to-texas-to-tampico-antwerp-1592","title":"Ortelius, Abraham.  The Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Texas to Tampico.  Antwerp: 1592.","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cb data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eAbraham Ortelius\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003ci data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eThe Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Texas to Tampico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003eAntwerp: 1592\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\" style=\"font-weight: 400;\"\u003e18 ½ x 22 ¾ inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThree maps on one sheet:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMÉNDEZ, Diego de.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003ePervviae avriferæ regionis typvs. Didaco Mendezio auctore.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e[text in block at lower left]\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eHæ insulæ primum detecta fuere a\u003csup\u003eo.\u003c\/sup\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e1574.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e CHAVES, Gerónimo de.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eLa Florida. Auctore Hieron Chiaues.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e[cartouche at top right]\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eCum Priuilegio.\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGvastecan Reg\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrtelius included this map in his atlas beginning in 1584. The present map appeared in a Latin\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eedition of Ortelius’\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eTheatrum Orbis Terrarum\u003c\/em\u003e, the first modern atlas of the world (Phillips,\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAtlases\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e392).\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eTogether, the three maps show the most significant parts of the New World in the last decades of the sixteenth century and the first half of the seventeenth century. Burden,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Mapping of North America\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e57, pp. 71-73. “One of the half-dozen most important mother maps of southeastern North America.” Martin \u0026amp; Martin, pp. 18 \u0026amp; 75n: “Privy to all of the official reports of the Spanish explorers, Chaves’ map recorded the discoveries of Cabeza de Vaca, de Soto, and Moscoso. One of the earliest printed maps of the territory based on actual observations.” Schwartz \u0026amp; Ehrenberg,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Mapping of America,\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003ePlate 35, pp. 73 \u0026amp; 79-80 (illustrating and discussing\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eLa Florida\u003c\/em\u003e): “First regional map of Florida, shown in coastline from Carolina to Mexico.” TCU,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eGoing to Texas: Five Centuries of Texas Maps\u003c\/em\u003e, Plate 2, p. 9. Van den Broecke,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eOrtelius Atlas Maps,\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eState 15a.1 (Peru); 15b.1 (La Florida); 15c.1 (Guastecan). Van der Krogt,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eKoeman’s Atlantes Neerlandici\u003c\/em\u003e, Vol. IIIA, 31:041 (9)9.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCumming,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Southeast in Early Maps\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e5, Plate 9n (“La Florida”), and p. 1:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOrtelius’ map of Florida, which was based upon information derived from the Spanish royal cartographer Chaves, included the territory south of the present latitude of Virginia and west to New Mexico. This map is not as accurate as Mercator’s and in its nomenclature is based upon early Spanish explorers; but it is the first printed regional map and remained the basis for the charts of many continental mapmakers for over a century. It is a mother map of the first importance, for its general geographical outline is found in many maps, in which the details were revised and corrected upon occasion as additions to geographical knowledge were acquired, until the beginning of the eighteenth century.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDennis Reinhartz \u0026amp; Charles C. Colley, “Spanish and French Mapping of the Gulf of Mexico in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries,” pp. 8-11 in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eThe Mapping of the American Southwest\u003c\/em\u003e, Texas A\u0026amp;M Press, 1987, designating Ortelius’\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eLa Florida\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eas the “Type Two, 1544-1680” Gulf of Mexico map, with a network of rivers and a mountainous barrier to the north, which “was to become the standard map for the next 130 years.... In the latter sixteenth century, the most widely disseminated Type-Two map was that published [by] Abraham Ortelius. This map is ascribed to Gerónimo de Chaves, Spanish royal cosmographer who worked at Seville in the Casa de Contratación. It is less detailed in its account of the internal settlements than the Alonso de Santa Cruz map of 1544 [but it] was very influential, and not merely in successive editions of the\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eTheatrum\u003c\/em\u003e.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003ePervviae avriferæ regionis typvs\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003eshows part of Central America and northwest South America. In northern Peru is\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAurea Regio\u003c\/em\u003e, or Kingdom of Gold, perhaps a reference to the fabled El Dorado. The map of Florida is generally considered to be the first printed map attempting to delineate any part of the interior of the present U.S. It influenced all maps of the region for a century and is “a primary source document of the first magnitude in the history of discovery and cartography” (Rucker Agee,\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eBirmingham Pub. Lib. Cat.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e1970).\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eLa Florida\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/em\u003ecovers the area from Colorado-Kansas south to Rio de las Palmas (often said to be the Rio Grande, but in reality, the Soto la Marina River in Tamaulipas), east from Texas to the tip of Florida, and north along the Atlantic, showing the present southeastern United States. The map below shows the Guastecan region, depicting the eastern shore of Mexico, extending the coastline of the Gulf of Mexico from Rio de las Palmas to south of Tampico. Its creator is unknown, but based on the reckoning of the  longitude it has been suggested to be the work of Chaves, the same cartographer who delineated the Florida map (see Howard Cline, “The Ortelius Maps of New Spain, 1579, and Related Contemporary Materials, 1560-1610,” p. 104 in\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eImago Mundi\u003c\/em\u003e, Vol. 16, 1962). \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41007316140076,"sku":"SJOW0034","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/SJOW0034.jpg?v=1676576428"},{"product_id":"garcia-cubas-antonio-carta-politica-mexico-1885","title":"Garcia Cubas, Antonio. Carta Politica. Mexico, 1885.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAntonio Garcia Cubas\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarta Politica\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMexico, 1885\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e23 ¾ x 30 inches sheet\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41093259264044,"sku":"SJOW0055","price":700.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_d515db69-ce1e-4b95-8363-cc4da3044153.jpg?v=1678999808"},{"product_id":"rachford-james-h-rachfords-complete-map-of-the-city-of-beaumont-jefferson-county-texas-texas-1897","title":"Rachford. James H. Rachford's Complete Map of the City of Beaumont, Jefferson County, Texas. Texas, 1897.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value=\"{\u0026quot;1\u0026quot;:2,\u0026quot;2\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;James H Rachford\\nRachford's Complete Map of the City of Beaumont, Jefferson County, Texas\\nTexas, 1897\\n33 x 23 inches\u0026quot;}\"\u003eJames H Rachford\u003cbr\u003eRachford's Complete Map of the City of Beaumont, Jefferson County, Texas\u003cbr\u003eTexas, 1897\u003cbr\u003e33 x 23 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eImportant Early Cadastral and Railroad Map of Beaumont, Texas.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eImportant and rare map of Beaumont, Texas, with an inset map of Jefferson County in the upper right corner.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map features detailed information about the rail lines and railyards within Beaumont. Additionally, it shows great street- and plot-level detail of the developing city.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1897 Beaumont was already starting to grow - as a major transshipment point for local lumber and cattle coming from other parts of Texas. But in the coming years, with the discovery of oil at Spindletop in 1901, the city would absolutely explode with activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cu\u003eRarity\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo examples located in any institutional collections by OCLC. Only one example traced at auction in over 30 years.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41093264932908,"sku":"SJOW0062","price":1600.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_fbd5d931-2f04-42d4-b0d5-cdb1d73b0db1.jpg?v=1679000006"},{"product_id":"carte-generale-du-golfe-du-mexique-france-1865","title":"Carte Generale du Golfe du Mexique. France, 1865.","description":"\u003cp\u003eFrance, Depot des cartes et plans de la marine\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarte generale de Golfe de Mexique \/ dressee d'apresles travaux Americains, Anglais et Francais les plus recents ... Depot des cartes et plans de la marine ... 1865\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Carte Generale du Golfe du Mexique\\nFrance, 1865\\n29 ½ x 42 inches\"}'\u003eFrance, 1865\u003cbr\u003e29 ½ x 42 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41093267390508,"sku":"SJOW0063","price":3800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/SJOW0063.jpg?v=1680637330"},{"product_id":"alexander-von-humboldt-1769-1859-carte-generale-du-royaume-de-la-nouvelle-espagne-1811","title":"Alexander von HUMBOLDT (1769-1859), Carte Generale Du Royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne...., 1811.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAlexander von HUMBOLDT (1769-1859)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eCarte Generale Du Royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne....\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEngraved map on 4 sheets joined as two\u003cbr\u003eParis: F. Schell, 1811\u003cbr\u003eSheet size: 22 x 32 ¾ inches each; Frame size: 29 inches x 39 inches\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eHumboldt’s map of New Spain was the first “modern” map of the Spanish dominions in North America, and the source map for a subsequent generation of cartographers.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpanish law prohibited anyone from entering any of its vast North American territories without the prior consent of the government. Such consent was rarely granted, but the Prussian scientist Alexander von Humboldt obtained permission to visit New Spain, directly from King Charles IV in Madrid. His passport was almost without restriction - a degree of access never having been provided to a foreign visitor before.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScientific exploration was Humboldt’s express purpose, and it was the rationale behind the unusually broad passport. His experience as a mineralogist and work in the mining industry certainly helped, as Charles was hopeful that Humboldt’s investigations might lead to improvements in colonial mining practices. Furthermore, Humboldt’s ability to completely fund the exhibition himself certainly must have bolstered his appeal. His only obligation in return for the expansive permission was to send all of the specimens he might collect to scientific institutions in Madrid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetween 1799 and 1803, Humboldt and his botanist companion Aime Bonpland traveled extensively through modern day Venezuela, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru, ending their journey in Mexico City. There, Humboldt spent nearly a year consolidating his collections and began drafting his “Political Essay on the Kingdom of New Spain.” One of the great achievements of this work was the map that accompanied the book: the Carte Generale du Royaume de la Nouvelle Espagne. Often described as the first “modern” map of Mexico and the American Southwest, the map was a combination of work of by other cartographers and the astronomical and physical observations made by Humboldt himself. One of his sources of note was La Fon’s map of Louisiana. Humboldt also incorporated information provided by indigenous inhabitants of the region, both factual and mythological.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumboldt could not avoid the dispute about the boundaries of the United States following its purchase of Louisiana. He identified the Sabine River as “the eastern border of Texas” but duly noted that it was “not recognized by the Congress in Washington.” When the map was published in 1811, the resolution of the eastern border was still eight years away. Within Mexico itself Humboldt’s map shows the western border of the Province of Texas as running northwest from the mouth of the Nueces River to a point on the border of the Province of Coahuila. The area between the Nueces and the Rio Grande was described as part of the Province of Nueva Santander – later famous as the Nueces Strip.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHumboldt’s map broke new ground in the physical mapping of modern-day California, Nevada, Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado and Texas. After leaving Mexico, Humboldt visited the United States where he gave a copy of his map to then President Thomas Jefferson. Jefferson, in turn, gave copies to his teams of explorers - among them, Zebulon Pike. Humboldt later complained that Pike had plagiarized his map in preparing Pike’s own account of his explorations.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41152145653804,"sku":"","price":35000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/Humb.jpg?v=1680727194"},{"product_id":"e-yeager-app-j-j-knight-preliminary-chart-of-san-luis-pass-texas-1853","title":"E. Yeager \u0026 App. J.J. Knight. Preliminary Chart of San Luis Pass Texas. 1853.","description":"\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-textstyleruns='{\"1\":0}{\"1\":29,\"2\":{\"6\":1}}{\"1\":70}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"E. Yeager \u0026amp; App. J.J. Knight\\nPreliminary Chart of San Luis Pass Texas\\n1853\\n15 1\/2 x 18 inches\"}'\u003eE. Yeager \u0026amp; App. J.J. Knight\u003cbr\u003ePreliminary Chart of San Luis Pass Texas\u003cbr\u003e1853\u003cbr\u003e15 1\/2 x 18 inches\u003c\/span\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41182313054252,"sku":"SJOW0123","price":100.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_c7908272-3224-4dad-b992-c0d8922be306.jpg?v=1682007164"},{"product_id":"rand-mcnally-co-rand-mcnally-co-s-texas-texas-railroads-1895-1898","title":"Rand McNally \u0026 Co.. 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Johnson's Texas. New York, 1860's.","description":"\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value=\"{\u0026quot;1\u0026quot;:2,\u0026quot;2\u0026quot;:\u0026quot;A.J. Johnson\\nJohnson's Texas\\nNew York, 1860's\\n18 x 26 1\/2 inches\u0026quot;}\"\u003eA.J. Johnson\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eJohnson's Texas\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNew York, 1860's\u003cbr\u003e18 x 26 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41183139725356,"sku":"SJOW0125","price":650.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_dfc00e77-0268-41d0-b871-8746f314618c.jpg?v=1682007613"},{"product_id":"matthews-northrup-co-texas-population-new-york-1901","title":"Matthews-Northrup Co.. Texas Population. New York, 1901.","description":"\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Matthews-Northrup Co\\nTexas Population\\nNew York, 1901\\n21 1\/2 x 13 1\/2 inches\"}'\u003eMatthews-Northrup Co.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eTexas Population\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNew York, 1901\u003cbr\u003e21 1\/2 x 13 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41183142641708,"sku":"SJOW0127","price":375.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_26cbc050-49cd-40b8-8c73-7aaef97d4519.jpg?v=1682007843"},{"product_id":"thomas-jeckyll-map-of-the-united-states-and-their-territories-between-the-mississippi-river-and-the-pacific-ocean-washington-dc-1857-8","title":"Jeckyll, Thomas. Map of the United States and their Territories between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean. Washington DC, 1857-8.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-textstyleruns='{\"1\":0}{\"1\":15,\"2\":{\"6\":1}}{\"1\":114}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Thomas Jeckyll\\nMap of the United States and their Territories between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean\\nWashington DC, 1857-8\\n22 1\/2 x 25 inches\"}'\u003eThomas Jeckyll\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eMap of the United States and their Territories between the Mississippi River and the Pacific Ocean\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWashington DC, 1857-8\u003cbr\u003e22 1\/2 x 25 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis impressive map of the United States west of the Mississippi River reflects the latest surveys performed along the newly established Mexican-American border by a party led by William H. Emory, an officer in the U.S. Army Corps of Topographical Engineers. Shortly after the Gadsden Purchase of 1854, Emory was assigned to lead the American boundary commission established to determine the exact line of demarcation and spent nearly two years performing the requisite surveys.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe results, seen here, are among the most detailed cartographic representations of the West until after the Civil War. Delicately engraved topography and geographic features dominate much of the image, but important transportation routes, settlements, and fortifications are also named throughout. Vast swathes of unexplored territory are labeled across the Southwest and Pacific Northwest, east of the Cascades and Sierra Nevada. Both the pre and post-Gadsden purchase boundaries are outlined, with accompanying annotations and dates providing additional context on the convoluted process of mapping the border.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map was drawn by Thomas Jekyll under the authority of Lieutenant N. Michler. Engraved by Selmar Siebert and published in Washington, D.C. in 1857 by Cornelius Wendell as part of Emory’s Report on the United States and Mexican Boundary Survey, Made Under The Direction of the Secretary of the Interior.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSources: Wheat 916;\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca href=\"http:\/\/www.davidrumsey.com\/maps1533.html\"\u003eRumsey 026.001\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41183146180652,"sku":"SJOW0128","price":750.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_7626f0e0-7d85-4384-897a-00c72cd8c439.jpg?v=1682007939"},{"product_id":"george-cram-railroad-and-county-map-of-texas-chicago-1879","title":"Cram, George. Railroad and County Map of Texas. Chicago, 1879.","description":"\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"George Cram\\nRailroad and County Map of Texas\\nChicago, 1879\\n34 x 22 inches\"}'\u003eGeorge Cram\u003cbr\u003e\u003cem\u003eRailroad and County Map of Texas\u003c\/em\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChicago, 1879\u003cbr\u003e34 x 22 inches\u003c\/span\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41183156731948,"sku":"SJOW0129","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/products\/image_4981748c-ada0-4c96-b9b7-a276e6a3e433.jpg?v=1682008072"},{"product_id":"cram-george-f-western-half-of-texas-chicago-1890-1900","title":"Cram, George F..  Western Half of Texas.  Chicago, 1890-1900.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Western Half of Texas\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":37633,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\",\"18\":1}' data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eCram, George F.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Western Half of Texas\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":37633,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\",\"18\":1}' data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eWestern Half of Texas\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4288,\"9\":1,\"10\":1,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}'\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4288,\"9\":1,\"10\":1,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}'\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003eChicago, 1890-1900\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4288,\"9\":1,\"10\":1,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}'\u003e21 1\/2 x 14 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212421308460,"sku":"SJOW0130","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_bff55f21-c674-4ed1-897c-c380c3a13b3e.jpg?v=1683668513"},{"product_id":"behrens-t-h-texas-dallas-texas-1886","title":"Behrens, T.H..  Texas.  Dallas, Texas; 1886","description":"\u003cp\u003eBehrens, T.H.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTexas\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Texas, 1886\"}'\u003eTexas, 1886\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Texas, 1886\"}'\u003e11 1\/2 x 8 3\/4 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212443131948,"sku":"SJOW0133","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_639ac221-9427-40dc-8bf8-ef467bc2474d.jpg?v=1683668573"},{"product_id":"s-augustus-mitchell-a-new-map-of-texas-oregon-and-california-philadelphia-1846","title":"Mitchell, S. Augustus. A New Map of Texas Oregon and California. Philadelphia, 1846.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"S. Augustus Mitchell\\nA New Map of Texas Oregon and California\\nPhiladelphia, 1846\\n22 x 21 ½ inches\"}'\u003eS. Augustus \u003cbr\u003eA New Map of Texas Oregon and California\u003cbr\u003ePhiladelphia, 1846\u003cbr\u003e22 x 21 ½ inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNice example of Mitchell's seminal map of Texas, Oregon, Upper California, Missouri Territory and a massive Indian Territory (covering most of Kansas and Colorado).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe region covered by the map was of particular interest in 1846 because of two recent and related events. In 1845, Texas was admitted into the Union, which prompted Mexico to invade Texas in 1846, thus precipitating the U.S.-Mexican war. General curiosity about the new State of Texas and interest in the war with Mexico led to Mitchell's timely map becoming quite popular. Mitchell used the latest and best sources for the map, including Arrowsmith's 1841 map of Texas, Fremont's and Emory's maps of their explorations in the region, data from the Lewis \u0026amp; Clark expedition, Nicollet's map of the region between the Mississippi River and the Missouri River, and Wilkes map of Oregon.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong other significant uses of the map, Brigham Young ordered 6 copies of the map. An example in the BYU collection includes an annotation placing the Mormons in Utah, pre-dating Fremont's map of 1848, which is the first printed map noting the presence of the Mormon's in the Great Basin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map shows Texas claims to the Upper Rio Grande in present-day New Mexico. These claims were eventually given up as part of the Great Compromise of 1850, in exchange for the U.S. Federal Government's assumption of Texas' public debt.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the most influential maps in Western American History.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212542222380,"sku":"SJOW0168","price":15000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_8dd27a14-5a68-40a1-ae77-42b928718c06.jpg?v=1683668781"},{"product_id":"young-j-h-map-of-the-state-of-texas-from-the-latest-authorities-philadelphia-charles-desilver-1856","title":"Young, J.H..  Map of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities.  Philadelphia: Charles Desilver, 1856.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003eYoung, J.H.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMap of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhiladelphia: Charles Desilver, 1856\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003e13 1\/2 x 17 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most influential atlas map of the period and the first to widely disseminate Texas' new state boundaries, as a result of the Compromise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map depicts the newly resolved boundary of northern Texas at latitude 36°, which marked the end of Texas' claim to the upper Rio Grande and eastern New Mexico. The map richly details the county towns, post offices, and railroads (existing and in progress). An American flag identifies and dates the places where battles were fought during the Mexican-American War. The map is also richly annotated with notes describing the railroads, Staked Plain, Rio Grande, Grand Indian Crossing, and the population from the 1850 Census.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map represents a significant work in the early history of Texas, having also been issued separately as part of several guidebooks. The progress made in land development is reflected by the contrast between the dense concentration of counties in the eastern half of the state and the open expanses of proposed counties and empressario colonies in the western part of Texas. The western edge of the frontier includes a line of U. S. forts whose names are underscored on the map. Charged in 1849 with defending the frontier against Indian attacks, the US Army was required to quickly establish forts in this region to keep up with the rapid westward expansion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"c1\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Compromise of 1850\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Mexican War (1846-48) brought Texas into serious conflict with the United States Federal government over Texas's claim to a large portion of New Mexico. The claim dated to 1836, when the Republic of Texas sought to expand its boundaries to the Rio Grande.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the early months of the Mexican War, the U. S. troops under General Stephen W. Kearny, occupied New Mexico. Kearny quickly established a temporary civil government. Under the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexico relinquished all claim to territory north and east of the Rio Grande, but did not resolve the Texas claim to that portion of New Mexico lying east of the river.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFollowing annexation, New Mexico became part of the slavery controversy. Southern leaders insisted that all of the new territory be opened to slaveholders and their human property, a position contested by Northerners. Texas attempted to further its claim by organizing Santa Fe County in 1848, with boundaries including most of New Mexico, east of the Rio Grande. In New Mexico, military and civilian leaders petitioned the federal government to organize their area into a federal territory. Texas governor George T. Wood, responded by asking the legislature to give him the power and means to assert the claim of Texas to New Mexico \"with the whole power and resources of the State.\" Soon afterward his successor, Peter H. Bell, made a more moderate request, asking only for authority to send a military force sufficient to maintain the state's authority in that area. Bell then sent Robert S. Neighbors west to organize four counties in the disputed area.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePublication of the report of Neighbors's mission in June of 1850, led to a public outcry in Texas. Some persons advocated the use of military force; others urged secession. Bell reacted by calling a special session of the legislature to deal with the issue. Before the session began, the crisis deepened. New Mexicans ratified a constitution for a proposed state, specifying boundaries that included the territory claimed by Texas. Also, President Millard Fillmore reinforced the army contingent stationed in New Mexico and asserted publicly, that should Texas militiamen enter the disputed area, he would order federal troops to resist them. Southern political leaders responded by sending Governor Bell offers of moral and even military support.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn January 16, 1850, Senator Thomas Hart Benton, of Missouri, introduced a bill that would have had Texas cede all land west of 102° longitude and north of the Red River to the United States for $15 million. The bill would also divide Texas into two states. Soon afterward, Senator John Bell, of Tennessee, offered a resolution that would have divided Texas into three states. Then a Senate committee, chaired by Henry Clay of Kentucky, reported a bill that would have given Texas an unspecified sum in exchange for ceding all lands northwest of a straight line from the El Paso area to that point on the 100th meridian that intersects the Red River. None of these efforts proved successful.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFinally, Senator James A. Pierce of Maryland introduced a bill that offered Texas $10 million in exchange for ceding to the national government all land north and west of a boundary beginning at the 100th meridian where it intersects the parallel of 36°30', then running west along that parallel to the 103d meridian, south to the 32d parallel, and from that point west to the Rio Grande. The bill had the support of the Texas delegation and of moderate leaders in both the North and South. Holders of bonds representing the debt of the Republic of Texas lobbied hard for the bill, for it specified that part of the financial settlement be used to pay those obligations. The measure passed both houses of Congress in the late summer of 1850, and was signed by President Fillmore.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTexas voters approved the measure and Governor Bell signed off on November 25, 1850. The boundary act and four additional bills passed at about the same time, all dealing with controversial sectional issues, came to be known collectively as the Compromise of 1850.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212835823660,"sku":"SJOW0132","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_abd6ff48-adcb-40d7-ab8c-d487f5c52a18.jpg?v=1683668538"},{"product_id":"niles-mexico-and-texas-1842","title":"Niles.  Mexico and Texas.  1842.","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eNiles, J.M. \u0026amp; L.T. Pease\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Niles \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eMexico and Texas\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Niles \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003e1842\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Niles \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003e14 x 15 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eScarce early map naming the Republic of Texas, which appeared in Niles \u0026amp; Pease's\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eHistory of Mexico \u0026amp; Texas\u003c\/em\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map shows an early configuration of the Republic, with a number of settlements shown, including Houston, Washington, Galveston, S. Augustine, Nacogdoches, Terrail, Zavala, Liberty, Gonzales, Mina, Montezuma, San Antonio, Goliad, Rio Grande, Laredo, Revilla, Mission of Refugio, San Felipe, New Washington, Bolivar, Columbia, Victoria, Matagorda, Valasco, Harrisburg, Lynchburg and others.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaps that name the Republic of Texas are very rare. This is perhaps the earliest such map.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212845522988,"sku":"SJOW0136","price":1800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_4b69af7e-3b74-4466-a6a1-c80df08444b2.jpg?v=1683740206"},{"product_id":"banche-a-d-u-s-coast-survey-preliminary-sketch-of-galveston-bay-texas-u-s-coastal-survey-1858","title":"Banche, A.D.  U.S. Coast Survey Preliminary Sketch of Galveston Bay Texas.  U.S. Coastal Survey, 1858.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":769,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Banche, A.D.\"}'\u003eBanche, A.D.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eU.S. Coast Survey Preliminary Sketch of Galveston Bay Texas\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":769,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Banche, A.D.\"}'\u003eU.S. Coastal Survey, 1858\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":769,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Banche, A.D.\"}'\u003e21 1\/2 x 17 3\/4 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212855025708,"sku":"SJOW0135","price":475.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_db04d3f9-7cd0-4fa9-8157-749d48455da0.jpg?v=1683668594"},{"product_id":"ampler-j-m-w-galveston-entrance-u-s-coast-survey-1856","title":"Ampler, J.M.W..  Galveston Entrance.  U.S. Coast Survey, 1856.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ampler, J.M.W.\"}'\u003eAmpler, J.M.W.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eGalveston Entrance\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ampler, J.M.W.\"}'\u003eU.S. Coast Survey, 1856\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ampler, J.M.W.\"}'\u003e16 1\/2 x 20 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41212862431276,"sku":"SJOW0144","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_7e6d9dc0-43dc-4768-afc3-4c95bcde4f04.jpg?v=1683668727"},{"product_id":"cram-george-f-texas-engraved-for-the-peoples-publishing-co-peoples-publishing-co-chicago-1886","title":"Cram, George F.. Texas Engraved For the People's Publishing Co..  People's Publishing Co. Chicago 1886.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Cram, George F.\"}'\u003eCram, George F.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Cram, George F.\"}'\u003eTexas Engraved For the People's Publishing Co.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Cram, George F.\"}'\u003ePeople's Publishing Co. Chicago 1886\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Cram, George F.\"}'\u003e13 1\/2 x 21 3\/4 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41213164290092,"sku":"SJOW0145","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_41bc83d0-812b-4d87-8dae-86ce3cd8ce17.jpg?v=1683740227"},{"product_id":"johnson-alvin-jewett-johnsons-new-map-of-the-state-of-texas-new-york-1862","title":"Johnson, AJ.  Johnson's New Map of the State of Texas.  New York, 1862.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Johnson, Alvin Jewett\"}'\u003eJohnson, Alvin Jewett\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Johnson, Alvin Jewett\"}'\u003eJohnson's New Map of the State of Texas\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Johnson, Alvin Jewett\"}'\u003eNew York, 1862\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Johnson, Alvin Jewett\"}'\u003e17 1\/2 x 26 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41213169664044,"sku":"SJOW0142","price":450.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_26ba43e0-756a-48da-92db-11a821b8e226.jpg?v=1683731266"},{"product_id":"f-fairfax-preliminary-chart-of-entrance-to-brazos-river-texas-u-s-coastal-survey-1858","title":"Fairfax, F. .  Preliminary Chart of Entrance to Brazos River Texas.  U.S. Coastal Survey, 1858.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"F. Fairfax\"}'\u003eF. Fairfax\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePreliminary Chart of Entrance to Brazos River Texas\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"F. Fairfax\"}'\u003eU.S. Coastal Survey, 1858\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"F. Fairfax\"}'\u003e17 x 19 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41213582245932,"sku":"SJOW0134","price":350.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_730fd3ac-d811-49e8-b42b-ae9b3b29c77f.jpg?v=1683668906"},{"product_id":"ogilby-john-nova-mexico-london-t-johnson-1671","title":"Ogilby, John.  Nova Mexico.  London: T. Johnson, 1671.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ogilby, John\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eJohn Ogilby\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ogilby, John\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eNova Mexico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ogilby, John\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eLondon: T. Johnson, 1671\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Ogilby, John\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003e15 1\/2 x 22 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHighly detailed oversized view Mexico City, from the 1671 edition of John Ogilby's\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cem\u003eAmerica\u003c\/em\u003e, one of the most influential works of the 17th Century.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis sweeping panorama of Mexico City was the first published view to identify Tenochtitlan as Mexico City. The view is one of the most important views of the great metropolis as it was in the sixteenth century. Every building and road is carefully mapped out and identified, giving the viewer a true picture of this thriving Spanish colony. A key at the bottom identifies the most important features and buildings.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Aztec metropolis of Tenochtitlan was founded in 1325 in the center of a large lake. By 1500, it was one of the largest cities in the world, with broad avenues, magnificent temples, bridges, sluices and public marketplaces. Hernan Cortes first laid eyes of Tenochtitlan in 1519 and was immediately mesmerized by the city's size and grandeur. After years of fierce battle, Cortes conquered the city in August of 1521, and renamed it Mexico City.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMexico City became the center of political and economic power in New Spain and one of the most important cities in the New World. The Spanish set about rebuilding the city, by draining the western shore of the lake and making the city a peninsula rather than an island.From Montanus'\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41213587128364,"sku":"SJOW0137","price":950.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_f7a0ad00-65e3-4b58-9033-e7145a60520a.jpg?v=1683669001"},{"product_id":"greenwell-w-e-preliminary-survey-of-the-entrance-to-the-rio-grande-u-s-coast-survey-1854","title":"Greenwell, W.E..  Preliminary Survey of the Entrance to the Rio Grande.  U.S. Coast Survey, 1854.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Greenwell, W.E. \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eGreenwell, W.E. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePreliminary Survey of the Entrance to the Rio Grande\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Greenwell, W.E. \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003eU.S. Coast Survey, 1854\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Greenwell, W.E. \"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}'\u003e15 x 15 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41213609771052,"sku":"SJOW0139","price":350.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_2c0551c3-ce25-4f4b-bf6e-3c0e577af3c0.jpg?v=1683669452"},{"product_id":"young-j-h-map-of-the-state-of-texas-from-the-latest-authorities-philadelphia-charles-desilver-1854","title":"Young, J.H..  Map of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities.  Philadelphia: Charles Desilver, 1854.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003eYoung, J.H. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003eMap of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003ePhiladelphia: Charles Desilver, 1854\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003e14 1\/2 x 17 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most influential atlas map of the period and the first to widely disseminate Texas' new state boundaries, as a result of the Compromise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map depicts the newly resolved boundary of northern Texas at latitude 36°, which marked the end of Texas' claim to the upper Rio Grande and eastern New Mexico. The map richly details the county towns, post offices, and railroads (existing and in progress). An American flag identifies and dates the places where battles were fought during the Mexican-American War. The map is also richly annotated with notes describing the railroads, Staked Plain, Rio Grande, Grand Indian Crossing, and the population from the 1850 Census.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map represents a significant work in the early history of Texas, having also been issued separately as part of several guidebooks. The progress made in land development is reflected by the contrast between the dense concentration of counties in the eastern half of the state and the open expanses of proposed counties and empressario colonies in the western part of Texas. The western edge of the frontier includes a line of U. S. forts whose names are underscored on the map. Charged in 1849 with defending the frontier against Indian attacks, the US Army was required to quickly establish forts in this region to keep up with the rapid westward expansion.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41216964296748,"sku":"SJOW0140","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_10ba0259-795a-499a-b20d-d856f02a22c8.jpg?v=1683729973"},{"product_id":"young-j-h-map-of-the-state-of-texas-from-the-latest-authorities-philadelphia-thomas-copperthwait-co-1851","title":"Young, J.H..  Map of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities.  Philadelphia: Thomas, Copperthwait \u0026 Co. 1850.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003eYoung, J.H. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003eMap of the State of Texas from The Latest Authorities\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003ePhiladelphia: Thomas, Copperthwait \u0026amp; Co. 1850\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":513,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"12\":0}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Young, J.H. \"}'\u003e13 1\/2 x 17 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217065615404,"sku":"SJOW0143","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_bb1dfa28-807b-4b8e-bcea-80f1ecbc4879.jpg?v=1683731481"},{"product_id":"fisher-samuel-rhoads-and-elias-wightman-survey-of-the-town-of-matagorda-texas-and-environs-1838","title":"Fisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman.  Survey of the Town of Matagorda, Texas and Environs.  1838.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Fisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman\"}'\u003eFisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Fisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman\"}'\u003eSurvey of the Town of Matagorda, Texas and Environs\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Fisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman\"}'\u003e1838\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Fisher, Samuel Rhoads and Elias Wightman\"}'\u003e24 x 38 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEarly Plat Map of Matagorda, the third oldest town in Texas.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRemarkable early plat map of Matagorda, Texas, almost certainly drawn by Elias Wightman, with certification in the hand of S. Rhodes Fisher.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map provides significant detail, including streets, town lots, and public buildings and spaces. Lots are numbered, and color coded, with larger tracts identified by owner.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe map includes a lengthy certification in the hand of S. Rhoads Fisher This example was almost certainly drawn by Elias Wightman, a Surveyor whom Steven F. Austin had brought to Texas in 1827 and who had originally laid out the Town of Matagorda in 1828.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFisher's certification of the map provides:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003eWe the undersigned Proprietors of the Town of Matagorda hereby Certify, that this is the true and original Map - Plat - Survey or Chart of the Town and Town league of Matagorda according to which and the various Subdivisions herein represented. We have mutually partitioned the Property among the Proprietors, or as a Board of Proprietors, Sold donated or otherwise disposed of, and that the same was before us when this general schedule of sales - donations - partitions or other appropriations were made out, adopted and signed. And as such we sign this each in the Presence of the other and deposit it in the office of the Clerk of the Court of the County of Matagorda, in virtue of a Resolution passed by the board of Proprietors this Twenty Sixth day of April Eighteen Hundred and thirty Eight.\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003eSigned by S. Rhoads Fisher, Seth Ingram (President of the Board of Proprietors), D. C. Cady, Secretary) I.R. Lewis and Elias Wightman (there may be other signatures, but these are not legible).\u003c\/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMatagorda\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMatagorda was established after Stephen F. Austin secured permission in 1827 from the Mexican government to build a town to protect incoming settlers. Elias R. Wightman, Hosea H. League, James E. B. Austin, and partners Thomas M. Duke and William Selkirk each took a one-quarter interest in the townsite.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElias Wightman laid out the town in 1827 and then recruited approximately 55 colonists. On August 1, 1829, the proprietors met and elected town officers and donated lots to some individuals in return for their special services.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMatagorda was incorporated in 1830, and by 1832 it had some 1,400 residents, along with an additional 250 people living outside the town but within its jurisdiction. A Mexican customhouse was established in 1831, and a chamber of commerce was in operation by 1840. James H. Selkirk constructed one of the first dock-and-warehouse businesses in the town, and freight moved along the Colorado River.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRepresentatives from Matagorda attended meetings and conventions leading up to the Texas Revolution. Men from Matagorda signed a pledge to protect Goliad, and were among those who signed the Goliad Declaration of Independence in 1835. Residents left the town deserted in the Runaway Scrape, but returned to form Matagorda County (1836) with Matagorda as county seat (1837). By 1838, Matagorda had its own newspaper and hotels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElias Wightman\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eElias R. Wightman (1792-1841) was a Stephen F. Austin Old Three Hundred colonist and one of the founders of the Town of Matagorda. Wightman was in Texas as early as 1824.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn August 1826, Wightman was part of a group which petitioned Austin to create the town of Matagorda. He would later assist Austin in helping bring additional colonists, including his parents.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSamuel Rhoads Fisher\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSamuel Rhoads Fisher (1794-1839) was best known as the secretary of the Navy of the Republic of Texas. Fisher came to Texas in 1830 with his wife and four children as a member of Austin's Third Colony. He represented Matagorda Municipality in the Convention of 1836 at Washington-on-the-Brazos where he signed the Texas Declaration of Independence. President Sam Houston nominated Fisher as Secretary of the Texas Navy and the appointment was confirmed by the Senate on October 28, 1836.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSeth Ingram\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeth Ingram (1790-1857) was a surveyor, merchant, and public official. On April 26, 1822, he and his brother Ira Ingram, a Nashville, Tennessee, bookstore proprietor, became co-owners of a single share of stock in the newly organized Texas Association. That same year Seth arrived in Texas with letters of introduction and recommendation as a surveyor from Joseph H. Hawkins of New Orleans.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIngram was engaged by Stephen F. Austin as a surveyor for his colony in August 1823 and platted the town of San Felipe de Austin in late 1823 and early 1824. Ingram took part in colony elections in August and December of 1823 and April of 1824. In the summer of 1824 he served as first lieutenant in the colonial militia. As one of Austin's Old Three Hundred colonists, on July 29, 1824, he received title to two leagues and one labor of land that later became part of Wharton and Austin counties.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 1830, Ingram obtained an additional league near Matagorda Bay in what became southwestern Matagorda County. By 1827 Seth and Ira had formed a partnership with Hosea H. League to operate a general store in San Felipe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy 1834 the Ingram brothers had moved to Matagorda, where both were members of the Committee of Safety and Vigilance in September 1835. Seth served as one of the executors of his brother's estate in October 1837. He was one of the trustees of Matagorda University upon its incorporation in February 1845.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cu\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIra Randolph Lewis\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/u\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIra Randolph Lewis (1800-1867) was a government official, who moved to Texas in 1831. He went first to San Felipe de Austin, then to Cole's Settlement, then to Anahuac, and finally to Matagorda County.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLewis was a prominent lawyer and a member of the Consultation and the General Council of the provisional government. While he was serving on the council in February 1836, he was commissioned a colonel and appointed to raise funds and men from the United States, where he spent the greater part of that year.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217325203500,"sku":"SJOW0147","price":48000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_3eb94ec2-d02a-46db-bef1-f41a2f433ee7.jpg?v=1683735936"},{"product_id":"mcnally-rand-texas-chicago-1888","title":"Rand McNally.  Texas.  Chicago, 1888.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Mcnally, Rand\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-mce-fragment=\"1\" mce-data-marked=\"1\"\u003eRand McNally\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"UTF-8\"\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":37633,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\",\"18\":1}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Texas \"}'\u003eTexas \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":37633,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\",\"18\":1}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Texas \"}'\u003eChicago, 1888\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":37633,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\",\"18\":1}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Texas \"}'\u003e26 3\/4 x 30 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217330741292,"sku":"SJOW0148","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_53a6391d-5c07-4343-b5bc-1072c426d60d.jpg?v=1683736159"},{"product_id":"gast-august-co-colorado-country-map-of-lithograph-st-louis-1880","title":"Gast, August \u0026 Co..  Map of Colorado County (Texas).  St. Louis, 1880.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Gast, August \u0026amp; Co.\"}'\u003eGast, August \u0026amp; Co.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Gast, August \u0026amp; Co.\"}'\u003eMap of Colorado County (Texas)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"St. Louis 1880\"}'\u003eSt. Louis, 1880\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"St. Louis 1880\"}'\u003e23 1\/2 x 22 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217337262124,"sku":"SJOW0149","price":2800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_45987a56-40a9-49cf-b5ca-2e7c2224bf0a.jpg?v=1683736121"},{"product_id":"hensoldt-e-a-the-railroad-system-of-texas-chicago-1883-rand-mcnally","title":"Hensoldt, E.A..  The Railroad System of Texas.  Chicago 1883 Rand McNally.","description":"\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Hensoldt, E.A.\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}'\u003eHENSOLDT, E. A. (19th Century).\u003cbr\u003eThe Railroad System of Texas on September 1st, 1883. \u003cbr\u003eDrawn for the Galveston News.\u003cbr\u003eLithographed map.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Hensoldt, E.A.\"}' data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}'\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChicago: Rand McNally, 1883.\u003cbr\u003e21\" x 28\" sheet.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217361412140,"sku":"SJOW0150","price":1600.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_eabd5474-f9d6-4fde-95e2-766021dd6f32.jpg?v=1683736464"},{"product_id":"lee-t-j-sabine-pass-and-mouth-of-the-river-sabine-in-the-sea-1842","title":"Lee, T.J..  Sabine Pass and mouth of the river Sabine in the Sea.  1842?.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Lee, T.J.\"}'\u003eLee, T.J.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Lee, T.J.\"}'\u003eSabine Pass and mouth of the river Sabine in the Sea\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Lee, T.J.\"}'\u003e1842\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Lee, T.J.\"}'\u003e24 3\/4 x 19 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch4\u003eThis map is among the most important government maps during the period of\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003cb\u003eTexas independence\u003c\/b\u003e. It was produced for the report of the Joint United States - Texas Boundary Commission, which for the first time depicted the eastern border of Texas. This map covers the section from Sabine Lake to the Gulf of Mexico and shows soundings, Sabine City and the U.S. Customs House. It was surveyed under the direction of Major J.D. Graham U.S. Topographical Engineers by Lt. T.J. Lee of the U.S. Topographical Engineers and Capt. P.J. Pillans of the Texan Army, and drawn by Lt. Lee. Engraved by W.J. Stone and published in 1842. It is a rare, and important part of Texas' cartographic history.\u003c\/h4\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217374847020,"sku":"SJOW0151","price":3500.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_596b5893-36b5-4ad9-926f-88aefc5517be.jpg?v=1683736671"},{"product_id":"m-strickland-co-map-of-the-town-of-taylor-williamson-county-texas","title":"M. Strickland \u0026 Co..  Map of the Town of Taylor, Williamson County, Texas.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"M. Strickland \u0026amp; Co.\"}'\u003eM. Strickland \u0026amp; Co.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"M. Strickland \u0026amp; Co.\"}'\u003eMap of the Town of Taylor, Williamson County, Texas\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"M. Strickland \u0026amp; Co.\"}'\u003e24 x 36 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41217380843564,"sku":"SJOW0152","price":2800.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_072357ee-7d86-49a7-89ed-8dd414b3044f.jpg?v=1683753568"},{"product_id":"edward-stanford-north-mexico-london","title":"Stanford, Edward.  North Mexico.  London.","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Edward Stanford\"}'\u003eEdward Stanford\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Edward Stanford\"}'\u003eNorth Mexico\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Edward Stanford\"}'\u003eLondon\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan data-sheets-userformat='{\"2\":4865,\"3\":{\"1\":0},\"11\":4,\"12\":0,\"15\":\"Garamond\"}' data-sheets-value='{\"1\":2,\"2\":\"Edward Stanford\"}'\u003e14 x 17 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41221608177708,"sku":"SJOW0181","price":275.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/image_a53634be-9b43-46b5-9941-107df91b3cac.jpg?v=1683825895"},{"product_id":"lee-t-j-map-of-the-river-sabine-from-its-mouth-on-the-gulf-of-mexico-in-the-sea-to-logans-ferry-1838","title":"Lee, T.J. Map of the River Sabine from its mouth on the Gulf of Mexico in the Sea to Logan's Ferry. 1838","description":"\u003ch2\u003eTHE MAP USED BY TEXAS \u0026amp; THE UNITED STATES TO SETTLE THE REPUBLIC’S EASTERN BOUNDARY\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDrawn by Lieut. T. J. Lee, U.S. Topographical Engineers\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMap of the River Sabine from its Mouth on the Gulf of Mexico in the Sea to Logan's Ferry Lithograph\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall size: 2'4\" x 14' (in five sections)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIssued by the United States and Texas Joint Commission for Marking Boundary\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCertificate of correctness signed by U.S. Commissioner J. Overton Washington D.C., 1842\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReferences: T. W. Streeter, Bibliography of Texas, 1795-1845 (Cambridge,\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e1955-60), 1439 and p. 239; and J. C. Martin \u0026amp; R. S. Martin, Maps of Texas\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eand the Southwest, 1513-1900 (Albuquerque, 1984), p. 36n.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThis extremely important document is listed by Texas authority Thomas \u003c\/em\u003e\u003cem\u003eWinthrop Streeter as being one of the six most important maps for a collector of Texana. Its significance is also noted by Martin and Martin.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne of the first diplomatic duties of the first President of Texas, Sam Houston, after the Republic's new congress met in December, 1836, was to resolve the dispute over the Republic's eastern boundary. Unimportant to New Spain until the Louisiana Purchase brought an aggressive new neighbor to its doorstep, its exact location had never been determined.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA \"neutral ground\" between New Spain and the United States quickly became a safe haven for outlaws and bandits, and the Adams-Onís Treaty of 1819 (formally titled the Treaty of Amity, Settlement, and Limits Between the United States of America and His Catholic Majesty, and also known as the Transcontinental Treaty of 1819, and sometimes the Florida Purchase Treaty) established the border at the Sabine River. But during the Texas Revolution, the United States again contested the border and claimed territory 50 miles west of the Sabine, even sending troops into the area.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Republic congress defined its eastern boundary to be the Sabine River as established by the Adams-Onís. President Sam Houston then began a series of diplomatic contacts with the United States government, culminating in the signing of a treaty in Washington, with the United States relinquishing territory west of the Sabine and mandating a thorough survey of the border by a joint commission of representatives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHouston's motives for opening negotiations with the United States were complicated and multi-tiered, extending beyond that of the border dispute. Foremost was the issue of annexation. In 1837, the Republic of Texas, having just won its independence from Mexico, was voted to be annexed by the United States. Initially, when the Texas minister (ambassador) in Washington, D.C., proposed annexation to the administration of Martin Van Buren in August 1837, the request was refused since the administration anticipated that it would lead to war with Mexico. Texas withdrew the annexation offer in 1838, and chose to exist as an independent nation, recognized by both the United States and Great Britain. However, Sam Houston, who was an acolyte of President Andrew Jackson, the two having fought together during the War of 1812, was a strong unionist and thus keen to keep diplomatic channels open. Houston's diplomatic actions were instrumental in ensuring the signing of the treaty of annexation in April 1844.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe issue of slavery was a further subtext in the establishment of diplomatic relations with the United States. Texas was the last frontier of slavery in the United States. In fewer than fifty years, from 1821 to 1865, the \"Peculiar Institution,\" as Southerners called it, spread over the eastern two-fifths of the state. The rate of growth accelerated rapidly during the 1840s and 1850s. The Texas Revolution assured slaveholders of the future of their institution. Nevertheless, the Constitution of the Republic of Texas (1836) provided that slaves could only be imported from the United States and not from Africa. New Orleans, in the neighboring state of Louisiana, was the largest slave mart in the United States and thus good U. S. relations were crucial to the maintenance of the Texan slave population and in consequence the Republic's economy. Although Martin Van Buren, President of the United States between 1837 and 1841, was inclined to oppose the expansion of slavery, thus blocking the annexation of Texas, he was defeated by the pro-slavery Whigs. James Polk, a strong supporter of territorial expansion, but anti-slavery, won the Presidency in 1844. Before he took office, Congress approved the annexation. In so doing, the United States gained two new pro-slavery senators from the newly formed state of Texas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrade relations with Great Britain also factored into the establishment of contact between the Texas Republic and the United States, mostly encouraged by the southern cotton producing states. Britain was greatly dependent upon the South for cotton. However, in the late 1830s, relations between Britain and the U. S. became strained after a financial panic in the United States made the American market less important for Britain's finished goods. Moreover, Americans were also aiding revolutionaries in Quebec. Britain began to look to Texas as an alternative market and in consequence greatly opposed annexation. An alliance between Great Britain and Texas would wreck the Southern cotton trade and as the British became more intent on their courtship of the Texas Republic, Southern planters brought the annexation debate back to the forefront of American politics. This rare survey is symbolic of the strength of U .S. and Texas Republic relations in the few years before annexation. While it shows the eastern border chosen by the Republic congress and the United States, it also marks an early diplomatic triumph for President Houston and his eventual quest for unification.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn a chilly gray morning in 1840, a joint team of three representatives of the United States Corp of topographical engineers and two engineer\/surveys from the Republic met at the mouth of the Sabine River. An early dispute dulled the joint effort when the two sides could not agree where the exact starting point should be. After reaching an agreement the five started slowly northward, making detailed soundings. Unlike surveyors working decades earlier, the team was operating in a major waterway into prosperous northeastern Texas. Their calculations were made amidst flatboats and timber rafts brimming with cotton and lumber. The map's presentation in 1842 marked the final agreement on the eastern border of Texas.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Arader Galleries","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41239860805676,"sku":"SJOW00182","price":65000.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/SJOW0182.jpg?v=1684185245"},{"product_id":"williams-wm-h-plan-of-the-city-of-jefferson-la-c-1860","title":"Williams, Wm. H. Plan of the City of Jefferson, LA. c. 1860","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWILLIAMS, Wm. H. 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Edward Clark, Catherine Schuyler, Arant Stevens, and Edward Collins. Albany, 1742. [Manuscript map of Albany]","description":"\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eA Map: Acres of Land belonging to Capt. Edward Clark, Catherine Schuyler, Arant Stevens, and Edward Collins and is situate lying and being in the County of Albany near Sacondago and is kown by the name of Northampton which said tract was there surveyed \u0026amp; laid out into 30 lots.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAlbany, NY, 1742\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eManuscript ‌map‌ , \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e17 x 20 1\/2 inches\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\"Remarks\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e7 1\/2 acres conveyed by Stevens 11th March 1742 to E. Collins out of Lot No. 21 supposed to be annexed to Lot No. 22. \u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e\u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003e7\/12 acres conved by Collins 11th March 1742 to Stevens out of Lot No. 22 and supposed to be annexed to Lot No. 21.\"\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"aradernyc","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":41919546884140,"sku":"MB0042","price":900.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1156\/7956\/files\/MB0042.jpg?v=1697141414"}],"url":"https:\/\/aradernyc.com\/collections\/maps-of-the-united-states-mexico.oembed?page=8","provider":"Arader Galleries","version":"1.0","type":"link"}